Digitalization of justice is one of the key trends in the modern legal system. The digitalization of justice is one of the key trends in today’s legal system. The development of technology has made it possible not only to speed up the processing of cases and simplify citizens’ access to justice, but also to change the very approach to court proceedings. Many countries have already implemented digital platforms, e-courts, video hearings and automated document management systems. International experience in this area demonstrates how technology can improve the efficiency, transparency and accessibility of justice.
In Estonia, one of the most digital countries in the world, the introduction of e-justice began in the early 2000s. Here, court cases can be accessed, filed, tracked and participated in online. Automated systems help assign cases to judges, and for less serious cases there is the possibility of completely remote handling. This has reduced processing times and increased confidence in the court system.
China has set up specialized online courts where the physical presence of the parties is completely absent. All documents are filed via digital platforms and court hearings are conducted via videoconference. Artificial intelligence is actively used to analyze evidence and make preliminary rulings on standard cases. While this approach raises questions in terms of rights protection and transparency, it shows the potential to maximize the automation of court practice.
The UK and Canada are also actively developing digital solutions for courts. Online platforms allow parties to resolve disputes without going to the courtroom, especially in administrative and small civil cases. In Canada, some provinces have developed “virtual courts” with full online case processing, including the participation of lawyers, witnesses and judges.
However, there are certain challenges associated with the digitalization of justice. These include, first of all, the protection of personal data, cyber security, equal access of citizens to digital tools (especially in the regions), and the need to train judges and lawyers to work in the new technological environment. In addition, it is important to strike a balance between technological progress and the fundamental principles of justice – judicial independence, openness of processes and citizens’ rights.
In the future, we can expect even wider use of AI, automation of routine processes, and the introduction of predictive analytics systems. Hybrid courts may emerge, where technology will help but not replace human beings.
The digitalization of justice is not just the introduction of new tools, but a profound transformation of the legal system itself. International experience shows that, with a competent approach, it can make justice more accessible, faster and fairer.